Introduction: Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)

(Taku ni mulomo / Ekondo ne laka / Omutjise wotjinyo no tjikoti / Kokondo no kona / Bek en klou siekte / Ams tsî //khora //ōs)

Namibia is currently facing an emerging threat of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD), following recent confirmed outbreaks in neighbouring countries, including South Africa, Botswana, and Zambia. These developments heighten the risk of cross-border transmission and necessitate strengthened preventative measures to safeguard the country’s livestock sector.

In response, the Ministry has implemented a range of strategic interventions aimed at preventing the introduction and spread of the disease. These include the establishment of a veterinary cordon fence along the Namibia–South Africa border, as well as the demarcation of designated zones within the FMD Free Zone to enhance disease control and containment.

Efforts are further being intensified to strengthen surveillance systems, enforce compliance with animal health regulations, and improve biosecurity practices at both farm and national levels. In addition, targeted initiatives are underway to build the capacity of veterinary personnel and farmers to ensure a high level of preparedness and rapid response capability.

Foot-and-Mouth Disease poses a significant risk to Namibia’s livestock industry and the broader national economy. The country’s continued status as FMD-free without vaccination is a critical asset, enabling access to high-value international markets. It is therefore imperative to maintain strict precautionary measures to prevent any incursion of the disease, particularly in light of increased regional outbreaks.

What is FMD	Prevention and Control
A highly contagious acute viral infection, almost exclusively of domestic and wild ruminants (such as cattle, goat, sheep and pigs. Buffalo and other cloven–hoofed wildlife can also be affected). FMD cannot be transmitted to humans and does not pose a public health risk.	Implement biosecurity measures on the farm / establishment, control animal movement, isolate suspected or infected animals and contact the nearest state veterinary office.
What causes FMD
The disease is caused by a virus with the folowing types A, O, C, Asia 1, SAT 1, 2 & 3. Distribution: The SAT1, 2 and 3 as well as type O have been reported in the Northern Communal Areas of Namibia. Al domestic cloven-hoofed animals are susceptible. Signs and symptoms: Suspected when a combination of the following 2-3 clinical signs are observed: Lameness in a number of animals Vesicles/lesions in the mouth (on tongue, gum, cheeks, lips) Salivation (drooling) Smacking of lips, grinding of teeth Failure to secrete milk in sheep and goats during lactation resulting in death of young stock Pigs will frequently be lying down in a 'dog sitting' posture Pigs are the most susceptible and will show clinical signs before cattle, sheep and goats. In dead animals: Contact your state veterinarian to check for the following signs that may indicate suspected FMD: Vesicles or blisters on the tongue, gum, cheeks, lips, nostrils, muzzle, coronary bands, teats, udder or Erosions on rumen pillars Necrosis of the myocardium in young animals of al species (“tiger heart”) Transmission/spread/ risk factors: Direct contact between infected and susceptible animals. Contact with contaminated hands, footwear, clothing, vehicles, etc.

Introduction: Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) Awareness

Resources and Information

FMD_page - MAWLR

Introduction: Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) Awareness

Resources and Information